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Probing topological edge states in a molecular synthetic dimension [dataset] Open Access

Synthetic dimensions, where additional spatial dimensions are encoded within the internal states of a quantum system, allow the realisation of phenomena usually inaccessible in experiments. Ultracold polar molecules are an ideal platform for synthetic dimensions, providing large Hilbert spaces of long-lived rotational and hyperfine states that can be linked with microwave fields to simulate tunnelling. Here, we realise a one-dimensional synthetic lattice using the rotational states of ultracold RbCs molecules and investigate the topological properties of the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model. We spectroscopically probe the system using an auxiliary rotational state and study the time dynamics after deterministic state preparation. We demonstrate long coherence times, reaching $\sim500$ tunnelling periods even for lattices spanning eight rotational states. Using full site-resolved readout over long evolution times, we study the robustness of topologically protected edge states against perturbations that preserve or break chiral symmetry. These results establish ultracold molecules as a powerful platform for quantum simulation using synthetic dimensions.

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Software

Contributors

Creator: Raghuram, Adarsh P. ¹
Creator: Blondell, Francesca B. ¹
Creator: Mortlock, Jonathan M. ¹
Creator: Maddox, Benjamin P ¹
Creator: Dasgupta, Sohail ²
Creator: Middleton-Spencer, Holly A. J. ²
Creator: Hazzard, Kaden R. A. ³

¹ Durham University, UK
² University of Birmingham, UK
³ Rice University, USA

Funder

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
UKRI
Royal Society
National Science Foundation
W. M. Keck Foundation

Research methods

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Keyword

Ultracold molecules
Synthetic dimensions
Quantum simulation

Subject

Ultracold molecules
Quantum theory

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Identifier

ark:/32150/r1pr76f3548
doi:10.15128/r1pr76f3548

Rights

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY)

Publisher

Durham University

Date Created

File Details

Depositor

A.P. Raghuram

Date Uploaded

1 April 2026, 06:04:08

Date Modified

10 September 2026, 08:09:33

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File format: zip (ZIP Format)

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File size: 155903824

Last modified: 2026:09:10 00:22:29+01:00

Filename: Data_paper.zip

Original checksum: aec63ed03a2a72ebf54d8b0b3e4791fb